5.1 Configuration

Add a transform processor: Switch to your Gateway terminal window and edit the gateway.yaml and add the following transform processor:

  transform/logs:                      # Processor Type/Name
    log_statements:                    # Log Processing Statements
      - context: resource              # Log Context
        statements:                    # List of attribute keys to keep
          - keep_keys(attributes, ["com.splunk.sourcetype", "host.name", "otelcol.service.mode"])

By using the -context: resource key we are targeting the resourceLog attributes of logs.

This configuration ensures that only the relevant resource attributes (com.splunk.sourcetype, host.name, otelcol.service.mode) are retained, improving log efficiency and reducing unnecessary metadata.

Adding a Context Block for Log Severity Mapping: To properly set the severity_text and severity_number fields of a log record, we add a log context block within log_statements. This configuration extracts the level value from the log body, maps it to severity_text, and assigns the corresponding severity_number based on the log level:

      - context: log                   # Log Context
        statements:                    # Transform Statements Array
          - set(cache, ParseJSON(body)) where IsMatch(body, "^\\{")  # Parse JSON log body into a cache object
          - flatten(cache, "")                                        # Flatten nested JSON structure
          - merge_maps(attributes, cache, "upsert")                   # Merge cache into attributes, updating existing keys
          - set(severity_text, attributes["level"])                   # Set severity_text from the "level" attribute
          - set(severity_number, 1) where severity_text == "TRACE"    # Map severity_text to severity_number
          - set(severity_number, 5) where severity_text == "DEBUG"
          - set(severity_number, 9) where severity_text == "INFO"
          - set(severity_number, 13) where severity_text == "WARN"
          - set(severity_number, 17) where severity_text == "ERROR"
          - set(severity_number, 21) where severity_text == "FATAL"

The merge_maps function is used to combine two maps (dictionaries) into one. In this case, it merges the cache object (containing parsed JSON data from the log body) into the attributes map.

• Parameters:
  • attributes: The target map where the data will be merged.
  • cache: The source map containing the parsed JSON data.
  • "upsert": This mode ensures that if a key already exists in the attributes map, its value will be updated with the value from cache. If the key does not exist, it will be inserted.

This step is crucial because it ensures that all relevant fields from the log body (e.g., level, message, etc.) are added to the attributes map, making them available for further processing or exporting.

Summary of Key Transformations:

• Parse JSON: Extracts structured data from the log body.
• Flatten JSON: Converts nested JSON objects into a flat structure.
• Merge Attributes: Integrates extracted data into log attributes.
• Map Severity Text: Assigns severity_text from the log’s level attribute.
• Assign Severity Numbers: Converts severity levels into standardized numerical values.

This configuration ensures that log severity is correctly extracted, standardized, and structured for efficient processing.

Update the logs pipeline: Add the transform/logs: processor into the logs: pipeline so your configuration looks like this:

    logs:                         # Logs pipeline
      receivers:
      - otlp                      # OTLP receiver
      processors:                 # Processors for logs
      - memory_limiter
      - resource/add_mode
      - transform/logs
      - batch
      exporters:
      - debug                     # Debug exporter
      - file/logs